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An illustration of a magnifying glass. An illustration of a magnifying glass.

This is the floor of the exact square root of n, or equivalently the greatest integer a such that a² ≤ n. For some applications, it may be more convenient to have the least integer a such that n ≤ a², ...

It's a common joke that Python makes a great calculator in its interactive mode. You can make it an even better one with the built-in math module, which contains a lot of the same math functions you ...