We propose a spray pattern control method for swirl-type injectors in direct injection (Dl) gasoline engines. An Lcut orifice nozzle (L-Step nozzle) that produces a horseshoe spray pattern is used to ...

Diesel engines are the backbone of the commercial vehicle industry. They haul freight, power equipment, and keep vital operations moving. But as diesel technology has advanced, so too has the ...

SAE Transactions, Vol. 111, Section 4: JOURNAL OF FUELS AND LUBRICANTS (2002), pp. 1452-1466 (15 pages) Currently, high-pressure fuel systems and swirl injectors dominate direct injection spark ...

This integrated package contains specially blended chemicals designed as a three-step process to fortify a vehicle's fuel, lubricating oil and engine coolant. Fuel Injector Cleaner removes deposits ...

It depends on the specific engine and application. Stockers usually place nozzles closer to the valve, downstream near the cylinder head; they're primarily concerned with idle quality, low emissions, ...