Central Limit Theorem: A sampling distribution of the mean is approximately normally distributed if the sample size is sufficiently large. This is true no matter what the population distribution is.

We have previously discussed the importance of estimating uncertainty in our measurements and incorporating it into data analysis 1. To know the extent to which we can generalize our observations, we ...

- An **element** is the entry on which data are collected. - A **population** is the collection of all the elements of interest. - A **sample** is a subset of the population. - A **sampling frame** is ...

Dr. JeFreda R. Brown is a financial consultant, Certified Financial Education Instructor, and researcher who has assisted thousands of clients over a more than two-decade career. She is the CEO of ...

Hypothesis tests and confidence intervals are derived under some assumption on the sampling distribution, or on the conditional sampling distribution in the case of conditional tests. In the case of ...

One of the most widely confirmed empirical patterns in ecology is Taylor’s law (TL): The variance of population density is approximately a power-law function of the mean population density. We showed ...

Abstract: Accurate estimation of the states of a nonlinear dynamical system is crucial for their design, synthesis, and analysis. Particle filters are estimators constructed by simulating trajectories ...

Here are four programs that demonstrate sampling distributions. For each one, a "population" of 20,000 elements is established. The user selects a sample size and random samples are drawn from the ...