1. Urban forest ecosystems confer multiple ecosystem services. There is therefore a need to quantify ecological characteristics in terms of community structure and composition so that benefits can be ...

Since the inception of rigorous survey work, researchers have been forced—by time and budget constraints—to rely on a slew of sampling methods to estimate population parameters. Sampling is, of course ...

The random sample survey is a commonly used method in market research and such surveys generally are considered to provide more robust results than purposive or convenience (such as quota) samples.