Abstract: This paper describes a high gain lateral PNP transistor that has been successfully incorporated into integrated circuits, The structure is entirely compatible with existing processes and no ...
This file type includes high-resolution graphics and schematics when applicable. 1. In the circuit for the 1 mA two-terminal current source, the leftmost PNP transistor (Q4) is a "bolt-on" to harvest ...
Modern circuit design is a “mixed signal” endeavor thanks to the availability of sophisticated process technologies that make available bipolar and CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor), ...
Solid-state device technologies, which are available to the amplifier designer, fall, broadly, into three categories: bipolar junction transistors (BJTs) and junction diodes; junction field effect ...
Need to switch something on or off using a microcontroller? Using a transistor is one of the best ways to do this, but how exactly do you design properly for transistor switching? [Ben Krasnow] put ...
Since transistors come in both PNP and NPN versions, the supply voltage (B+ in tube terminology) can be either positive with respect to ground (for an NPN transistor) or negative with respect to ...
This chapter explains how we use transistors, how we bias them, so they generate working and useful circuits, and how we stabilize them as the temperature, currents, and applications vary. There are ...
Hello,<P>After reading a few post from <B>stickmewithneedles</B> and <B>Unobtanium</B>, I'm planning on making a thermal fan control circuit employing PWM. <P>I've no EE degree, but I love electronics ...
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