Proteins are made of amino acid chains, or polypeptides. Amino acids have a basic backbone made of an amino group and a carboxyl group, and differ in their side-chains. These polypeptide chains of ...

Figure 1: Roger Joseph Boscovich developed the first coherent description of atomic theory and attempted to describe the structure of the universe through a single force law. The problem of ...

The alkanes are a homologous series with a structure based on a carbon chain - each carbon atom forms four covalent bonds The intermolecular forces vary between molecules, so different organic ...