Spoiler summary: The quarter-wave stub resonant frequency, when built in FR4, is about: f[GHz] = 1.5/Len[inches] or f[GHz] = 3.8/Len[cm]. Remember: before you start using rules of thumb, be sure to ...

A signal generator, a general-purpose piece of test equipment, performs numerous measurements for a variety of applications requiring electromagnetic wave signals as stimuli. Its roots trace back to ...

This framework enables quantitative predictions about how cellular systems convert frequency-encoded signals into precise ...

An analog-to-digital converter (ADC) sampling rate is determined by a clock signal that controls how often a voltage snapshot is taken for each conversion. However, clock signal timing isn’t perfect, ...

It is known that the human body can generate mechanical vibrations at very low frequencies, so-called infrasonic waves. Such low-frequency vibrations are produced by physiological processes—heartbeats ...