The gate control theory of pain, put forward by Ron Melzack and Patrick Wall in 1962, is the idea that physical pain is not a direct result of activation of pain receptor neurons, but rather its ...

Control theory is a branch of mathematics and engineering, which defines the conditions needed for a system to maintain a controlled output in the face of input variation. Classically developed for ...

In classical control theory, both open-loop and closed-loop control systems are commonly used. These systems are well understood and rather straightforward, controlling everything from washing ...

"This is a rare example of a textbook that is concise yet clear, math dense yet very accessible, and rigorous yet beautifully written." • From Michael Hinczewski's review in The Biophysicist (July ...

Most people think about pain as a simple cause-and-effect process. For example, if you touch a hot stove, you probably assume that the nerves in the skin feel how hot the stove is and signals are sent ...